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From Gutenberg to the Internet Timeline An Annotated Chronology of the History of Information from about 30,000 B.C.E. to the present, by Jeremy M. Norman. |
| 1920194019501960 |
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| mid 14th Century | The Benedictine monk Henry of Kirkestede, prior of the royal abbey of St. Edmund at Bury in Suffolk, and traditionally known as Boston Burienis, compiles a manuscript union catalogue of manuscripts in English libraries entitled Catalogus de libris autenticis et aposcrifis. He names 674 authors and assigns to them about 3900 works. (Richard H. Rouse & Mary A. Rouse, eds., Henry of Kirkested, Catalogues de libris autenticis et aposcrifis [2004]). |
| Fragments of block-printing on paper in Arabic and Hebrew from the Cairo Genizah preserved in the Taylor-Schechter Genizah Research Unit at Cambridge University Library indicate that block-printing may have been practiced by Arabs and Jews as early as the mid-14th century. | |
| 1368 | King Charles V converts the fortress of the Louvre into a royal palace, and establishes a royal library there. This library will become the foundation of the Bibliotheque Nationale de France. |
| 1370 | The papal library, basis eventually for the Vatican Library, is scattered, with parts in Rome, Avignon, and elsewhere. |
| 1374 | "To give us an idea of the costs of making manuscript books in the Middle Ages we have an example of the costs incurred in making a copy of Henri Bohic's volumous Commentaires, which Etienne de Conty had made in 1374 and 1375 by the copyist Guillaume du Breuil. It is a work of two large in-folio volumes, one with 370 leaves and the other with 388. A note on the inside of each volume tells us that the work cost 62 livres and 11 sous in Parisian money. This sum was made up of the following: - The copyist's salary: 31 livres 5 sous - The purchase and preparation of the parchment, including the mending of holes: 18 livres 18 sous - Six initial letters with gold: 1 livre 10 sous - Other illuminations, in red and blue: 3 livres 6 sous - The hiring of an exemplar for the copyist provided by Martin, Carmelite clerk: 4 livres - Repairs to holes in the margins, and stretching: 2 livres - Binding: 1 livre 12 sous These manuscripts are now kept in the Bibliothèque municipale d’Amiens, shelfmark 365". (blog.Pecia: Le manuscrit medieval, 5 novembre 2007). |
| 1377 | "The earliest references to playing cards in Europe that can be clearly differentiated from chess, follow each other with rapid succession in various countries--Germany 1377, Spain 1377, Luxemburg 1379, Italy 1379, Belgium 1379, France 1382. . . . (Carter, Invention of Printing in China, 2nd ed. [1955] 185). At this time playing cards in Europe are probably not printed. |
| 1382 | Costs for a missal produced in 1382 by Thevenin Langevin, preserved in La bibliothèque de l'ancien collège de Dormans-Beauvais à Paris: - copyist's salary: 24 livres |
| 1389 | The oldest map of the African continent is created in China on silk. It is thought to be a copy of a map sculpted into rock. |
| 1390 | Ulman Stromer, a member of the Senate governing the city of Nuremberg, records in a manuscript that he is converting a mill on the Pegnitz river just outswide the western wall of the city to the production of paper. The manager of a trading company which had been importing paper from Italy, Stromer establishes his paper mill to meet the growing demand for paper in his country. To produce paper he hires Italian workers with technical experience in the trade. Stromer's diary, preserved in the Germanisches National Museum in Nuremberg, is the earliest European document on the production of paper. (Hunter, The Literature of Papermaking 1390-1800 [1925] 9-11). It also includes an account of the earliest known labor strike in the history of papermaking. |
1397 |
Date of the oldest surviving Korean text printed from moveable type. |
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| 1920194019501960 |
(This page was last revised on
November 8, 2007
. Please report errors
and broken links to jnorman@jnorman.com.) |
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